Lancry-Dayan et al., 2018), whereas others present more cautious conclusions (Peth et al., 2013). Some research suggests that eye tracking tests can outperform traditional autonomic measures of concealed knowledge (e.g. Several recent experiments demonstrated the efficacy of eye fixation variables for the detection of concealed knowledge (Lancry-Dayan, Nahari, Ben-Shakhar, & Pertzov, 2018 Mahoney, Kapur, Osmon, & Hannula, 2018 Millen, Hope, Hillstrom, & Vrij, 2017 Peth, Kim, & Gamer, 2013 Peth, Suchotzki, & Gamer, 2016 Schwedes & Wentura, 2012 Schwedes & Wentura, 2016 for a review see Gamer & Pertzov, 2018). However, less obtrusive methods are desirable for application in a wider range of security settings, and remote eye tracking technology shows distinct promise for field application.
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The varying effects of stimulus class, degree of familiarity and task instructions on fixation patterns pose a challenge for recognition detection by eye fixations.Ĭoncealed knowledge tests employed in field practice typically use autonomic measures such as skin conductance to detect crime details (Ben-Shakhar & Elaad, 2003 Gamer, 2011 Gamer, Verschuere, Crombez, & Vossel, 2008 Meijer, Klein Selle, Elber, & Ben-Shakhar, 2014). Differences in confidence judgments reliably indicated recognition for personally familiar faces and honest responses to personally familiar non-face items. Recognition of personally familiar and newly learned non-face items was solely differentiated by fewer fixations, but there were no reliable differences in the spatial distribution of fixations. Our findings suggest that newly learned faces are processed similarly to unfamiliar faces and that this limits the scope for recognition detection. Markers of recognition for newly learned faces differed across honest and concealed trials and did not exhibit the same consistent differences observed for personally familiar faces. Markers of recognition for personally familiar faces were robust irrespective of honesty. We assessed the utility of eye fixations and confidence judgments to detect recognition of faces, scenes and objects that vary in familiarity. faces vs non-face items) and degree of familiarity (e.g.
Tracking eye movements during inspection of photographs offers one approach to detect concealed recognition, but findings to date vary substantially depending on a complex interplay between stimulus class (e.g. In such cases, unobtrusive methods to index recognition may be useful for uncovering concealed knowledge. But witnesses sometimes lie about their knowledge, whether to conceal involvement in the crime or due to fear of retribution.
Detecting recognition of faces, scenes and objects related to a crime using visual evidence is critical to the investigative process.
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